The Nobel Prize has been awarded to men and women from around the world since 1901. Swedish engineer, chemist, and dynamite inventor Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-1896) founded the prize in 1895 when he provided most of his accumulated wealth for the establishment of the Nobel Prize. It acknowledges achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, peace, and economics.

The Nobel Laureates of 2006 are:

Physics:

John C. Mather (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA) and George F. Smoot (University of California, Berkeley, California, USA)

They received their Nobel Prize "for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation".

Their information is contained at Nobelprize.org: http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2006/

Chemistry:

Roger D. Kornberg (Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA)

He received his Nobel Prize "for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription".

His information is contained at Nobelprize.org: http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2006/

Physiology or Medicine:

Andrew Z. Fire (Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA) and Craig C. Mello (University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA)

They received their Nobel Prize "for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA".

Their information is contained at Nobelprize.org: http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2006/

Literature:

Orhan Pamuk (Turkey)

He received his Nobel Prize … "who in the quest for the melancholic soul of his native city has discovered new symbols for the clash and interlacing of cultures".

His information is contained at Nobelprize.org: http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2006/

Peace: 

Muhammad Yunus (Bangladesh) and Grameen Bank (Dhaka, Bangladesh)

They received their Nobel Prize "for their efforts to create economic and social development from below".

Their information is contained at Nobelprize.org: http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2006/

Economics:

Edmund S. Phelps (Columbia University, New York, New York, USA)

He received his Nobel Prize "for his analysis of intertemporal tradeoffs in macroeconomic policy".

His information is contained at Nobelprize.org: http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2006/

A wealth of information about past and current recipients, along with information about Alfred Nobel, the ceremonies, and much more, is available on the Web site of the Nobel Prize: http://nobelprize.org/index.html.

With annual awarding of the Nobel Prize, we can be assured that men and women will rise to the occasion in 2007. More accomplishments will be made to help advance us in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology and medicine, literature, peace, and economics.

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